1. Orkney vole
   Golden eagle
2. Natterjack toad
   Wood mouse

The golden eagle is the second largest bird of prey in the UK after the white-tailed eagle. A pair of golden eagles will mate for life, and estimates say there are over 400 breeding pairs of golden eagles in the UK. Instead of building new nests, generations of golden eagle have been known to reuse nests.

1. Little owl
   Fin whale
2. Sand lizard
   Scottish wildcat

The UK was home to lions and lynxes thousands of years ago, but these have since become extinct. The only remaining indigenous wild feline in the UK is the Scottish wildcat, and it is now at risk of becoming an endangered species. Among the risks to its existence are overhunting by humans, loss of habitat and interbreeding with the domestic cat (or hybridization).

1. Giant house spider
   Great crested newt
2. Common shrew
   Pool frog

As its name might suggest, the common shrew is one of the most abundant mammals in Britain. Its features account for many people mistakenly calling it a rodent, but the common shrew is actually a close relative of moles and hedgehogs. It is no more closely related to a mouse than it is to humans!

1. Smooth newt
   Water rail
2. Common shelduck
   Barred grass snake

The barred grass snake made headlines in August 2017, when it was recognized by a team of international scientists as a separate species of snake. It is a nonvenomous snake, whose diet is primarily made up of amphibians, such as frogs and newts.

1. Fair Isle wren
   Daddy long legs
2. Hazel dormouse
   Schelly

The Fair Isle wren is found on the island of Fair Isle in Scotland. It is regarded as a sub-species of wren, with unique characteristics attributed to its relative isolation from the general wren population. The Fair Isle wren population is quite small, with some estimates placing it at between 10 and 50 birds.

1. Basking shark
   Golden eagle
2. Red deer
   European hedgehog

The basking shark is notable for being one of the largest sharks in the world; second only to the whale shark. Due to excessive hunting by humans, it currently has a “vulnerable species” conservation status.

1. Grey seal
   Curlew
2. European adder
   European polecat

The long, downcurved bill of the curlew is one easy way to recognize the largest of Europe’s wading birds. While wading in the UK coastline, the curlew feeds on shellfish, shrimp and worms.

1. Natterjack toad
   Tawny owl
2. Pine marten
   St. Kilda field mouse

The natterjack toad is primarily found in the western reaches of mainland Europe. It was historically found throughout the British Isles as well, but is now severely threatened and restricted to select coastal regions.

1. Slow worm
   Eurasian oystercatcher
2. Common toad
   Atlantic puffin

The slow worm is neither a worm (as suggested by its name) nor a snake (as suggested by its appearance). It is, in fact, a species of legless lizard. The slow worm has one of the longest lifespans among lizards and can live up to 30 years in its natural habitat.

1. Water rail
   St. Kilda field mouse
2. European hedgehog
   Common shelduck

The European hedgehog is Britain’s only spiky mammal. Throughout its entire range, it is listed as a species of least concern in terms of conservation. Its existence in Great Britain, however, is highly threatened as the total number there is falling rapidly.

1. European adder
   Little owl
2. Wood mouse
   Smooth snake

Most of the UK’s little owl population can be found in certain regions of England and Wales in lowland farmland, parkland and orchards. It is not uncommon to see this small bird perched on top of telegraph poles, or on rocks and tree branches.

1. Daddy long legs
   Atlantic puffin
2. Sand lizard
   Skomer vole

Daddy long legs is the name that is given to a diverse family of spiders which have thin, long legs in contrast to their relatively tiny bodies. While they are plentiful in Europe, they can actually be found living in every continent (except Antarctica).

1. Grey seal
   Common shrew
2. Great crested newt
   Serotine bat

The great crested newt is a species of amphibian that can be found throughout Europe and the western reaches of Asia. It is sometimes referred to as the warty newt or the northern crested newt.

1. Fin whale
   Giant house spider
2. Basking shark
   Pine marten

More specifically known as the European pine marten, this small mammal can be found throughout Europe and parts of Western Asia. They are omnivorous; feeding on fruits in addition to birds, insects and smaller mammals.

1. Smooth newt
   European polecat
2. Red deer
   Pool frog

The red deer’s range runs throughout most of Europe, as well as also parts of Asia and the Caucasus Mountains. They are culturally significant in Europe, being featured in European cave art and highly sought after in medieval hunting.

1. Barred grass snake
   Scottish wildcat
2. Schelly
   Orkney vole

The Orkney vole is named for its home on the Orkney Islands, off the coast of Scotland. It is a type of common vole but it is found only on the Orkney Islands and has developed some unique characteristics. These include having shorter, paler fur and a larger size than the common vole populations found elsewhere.

1. Orkney vole
   European hedgehog
2. Water rail
   Red squirrel

The water rail is somewhat similar to the moorhen but with a smaller, slimmer build. Its largest populations are in eastern England, but the water rail may be difficult to spot as it is shy bird which prefers thick vegetation to open areas.

1. European polecat
   Sand lizard
2. St. Kilda field mouse
   Golden eagle

The sand lizard is mostly active during the daytime. It is primarily a meat-eater, preying on spiders, grasshoppers and other insects. The sand lizard uses its burrow as a refuge from its main predators: cats, birds, dogs and foxes.

1. Common toad
   Smooth snake
2. Eurasian oystercatcher
   Curlew

This species of amphibian is also known simply as the “toad” in certain parts of Europe, as well as the “European toad” in other parts of the world. They are widespread throughout Europe but also have notable populations existing in Asia and Northwest Africa.

1. Skomer vole
   Roe deer
2. Common toad
   Fair Isle wren

The Skomer vole is native to the island of Skomer off the coast of Wales, where its population is around 30,000. It has developed in relative isolation from other bank moles and is, on average, larger than they are. The Skomer vole is prey to a variety of birds, especially the short-eared owl.

1. Pine marten
   Slow worm
2. Tawny owl
   Schelly

Schelly is the name that is given to a species of freshwater fish considered to be a part of the salmon family. They are currently endangered and are primarily found in England, although minor populations are thought to exist elsewhere.

1. Daddy long legs
   Grey seal
2. Eurasian oystercatcher
   Roe deer

The grey seal is a semi aquatic carnivore that can be found on shores that are washed by the North Atlantic (Canada, the UK and Nordic Europe). They are notable for being popular circus animals throughout history, performing balancing acts and water-based feats.

1. Red deer
   Red squirrel
2. Hazel dormouse
   Giant house spider

The giant house spider is a massive species of spider that can be found throughout most of Europe. While they may look fearsome, it has been proven that their bite does not pose any lasting harm to humans or common household pets.

1. European hedgehog
   Smooth newt
2. Common shelduck
   European adder

Also known as the common newt, this species of amphibian is one of the most commonly seen newts in Europe. It has also managed to spread to Australia and is considered to be an invasive species there.

1. Tawny owl
   Natterjack toad
2. Serotine bat
   Zebra jumping spider

The UK’s population of tawny owls inhabits mainly woodland areas in England, Wales and Scotland. The tawny owl tends to mate for life and pairs are known to remain in their established territories. Around 50, 000 pairs of tawny owl are thought to be in the UK.

1. Little owl
   Red deer
2. European adder
   Skomer vole

There are only 4 species of snake in Britain and of these, the European adder is the only venomous one. They are typically brown (females) and gray (males) but there are some European adders which are melanistic or black.

1. Hazel dormouse
   Barred grass snake
2. Fin whale
   Giant house spider

The hazel dormouse has the distinction of being the British Isles’ only native dormouse. It has existed in there for over 10 000 years, but has recently seen a decline in its numbers due, in part, to loss of habitat.

1. Serotine bat
   Common shrew
2. Red squirrel
   Daddy long legs

The red squirrel is a common sight throughout most of Europe, but its range stretches to the northern reaches of Asia (Siberia, etc.). As a reference to this, it is oftentimes called the Eurasian red squirrel.

1. Roe deer
   Slow worm
2. Atlantic puffin
   Basking shark

Brightly colored webbed feet and bill help the Atlantic puffin to stand out against the landscape. The species, which is listed as vulnerable and at risk of becoming endangered, can be found at a few sites in the UK.

1. Scottish wildcat
   Great crested newt
2. Curlew
   Wood mouse

The wood mouse (or long-tailed field mouse) is the most common mouse throughout the British countryside. It eats seeds, nuts, insects and larvae but has to be on the lookout for its own predators, which include foxes, weasels, cats and owls.

1. Schelly
   Pool frog
2. Orkney vole
   Curlew

There are only two species of frog which are native to Britain: the pool frog and the common frog. The pool frog was once thought to be extinct and is now fully protected by laws in the UK. It is, therefore, illegal to harm or kill them at any stage of their life cycle, or to damage their habitat.

1. Eurasian oystercatcher
   Common shrew
2. Zebra jumping spider
   Pine marten

The Eurasian oystercatcher is a large wading bird. In the UK, it breeds mainly along the coast where it feeds on cockles and mussels, using its broad orange-red bill to get inside the shells.

1. Basking shark
   Atlantic puffin
2. Zebra jumping spider
   Wood mouse

This spider gets its fitting name from is distinct coloration which resembles the stripes of the zebra. They also don’t build webs (a behavior that is shared with other jumping spiders) instead opting to stalk their prey and attack it.

1. Golden eagle
   Zebra jumping spider
2. St. Kilda field mouse
   Red deer

When the human population left St. Kilda on Aug. 29, 1930, it was the perfect opportunity for the island’s field mouse population to thrive. The St. Kilda field mouse is now regarded as a distinct subspecies of field mice and endemic to the island. St. Kilda is also home to a large colony of Atlantic puffins, as well as a unique subspecies of wren.

1. Skomer vole
   Fair Isle wren
2. Little owl
   Fin whale

The fin whale is a massive marine mammal. It is generally found in oceans throughout the world with a notable population frequenting European waters. Fin whales have historically been the target of whalers, a factor that has now contributed to their current vulnerable conservation status.

1. Red squirrel
   Common shelduck
2. Barred grass snake
   Slow worm

The common shelduck belongs to the same family of waterfowl as the duck, goose and swan. In terms of size, it is smaller than a goose but bigger than a duck. The common shelduck is easily recognized by its color pattern of feathers which include dark green on both the head and neck.

1. Water rail
   Common toad
2. Tawny owl
   Smooth snake

The smooth snake feeds primarily on lizards but will also eat other small vertebrates and insects. It is nonvenomous and one of only four snakes which are native to Britain.

1. Smooth newt
   European polecat
2. Smooth snake
   Hazel dormouse

The European polecat is a nocturnal meat-eater from the same family as ferrets, badgers, minks and otters. Its name, “polecat,” is thought to come from the French words for “chicken cat” and to refer to the fact that the Eurasian polecat’s diet includes a large variety of birds, including chickens.

1. Natterjack toad
   Pool frog
2. Grey seal
   Roe deer

The roe deer is notable for being one of the most common species of deer making its home in Europe. The famous fictional deer Bambi was actually originally a roe deer. When the story was revised for the silver screen, however, he was changed to a mule deer.

1. Scottish wildcat
   Fair Isle wren
2. Serotine bat
   Sand lizard

The serotine bat is also referred to as the big brown bat, evening bat and silky bat. It is a relatively large bat which hunts aerial prey, catching them in midair. It is one of the types of bats which make use of echolocation.